In fact, the iCloud is not a single service but general marketing name for a number of cloud-based services from Apple. These include the syncing of settings, documents and photos, Find My Phone to locate lost or stolen devices, iCloud Backup to backup your data to the cloud, and now it’s also iCloud Keychain for secure syncing of passwords and credit card numbers between iOS- and OS X-based devices.
At first, it is worthwhile to give a brief list of main software components included in the kit:
Today, there is a great number of available tools allowing quick OS deployment and configuration, status monitoring and maintenance of the desired configuration. Here, the absolute leader for Win is SCCM. While full-featured analogues for *nix have just started to take on momentum. Nowadays, an administrator has to cope with a variety of tools and each of them performs its own role. This is convenient for development, but greatly complicates the support, while the results are not quite obvious. Foreman project, to be more precise, The Foreman is, in fact, an add-on for some open source solutions, which provides system management throughout system lifecycles from deployment and configuration to monitoring (Provisioning, Configuration, Monitoring). With it you can easily automate any repetitive tasks, manage changes on thousands of servers located on bare hardware or in the cloud, monitoring their status. The concept of server groups “config group” allows giving commands to multiple systems regardless of their location.
After the release of Kinect sensor, in the wake of its success, other non-contact motion control devices began to appear. Kinect was the basis for the growth and development of the market for such devices: Investors have seen the prospects and understood the value of investing into gesture control devices. However, the most significant and successful was the Leap Motion Controller. As its prototype, the latter version is based on motion capture technology. This device connects to the USB port; in size, it is like two flash drives put together. Technically, there is Leap device that captures the projection of the user’s hands in space by using two optical sensors (cameras) and an infrared light source (the developers do not exclude the possibility that the future versions of the device will have a different number of cameras).
If you think that the only possible variant for such a malware is a classic school-based .bat file with ‘format c:’ string inside, then you’re mistaken. The opportunity to automate various routine operations within the system with the help of .bat scripts has long grown into a full-scale trend for malware coding, for which almost all the anti-virus companies have rendered a special segment in their malware specifications.
I’d like to make a reservation right away that the vulnerabilities considered in the paper are typical virtually for all PLC types rather than only for PLC Delta DVP–14SS211R, which we will study. And these are not misses of a certain particular manufacturer but it is a sort of fundamental problem being the heritage of the time when the simplicity of implementation and economic expediency dominated rather than information safety and a threat of tampering.
As you most likely know, there are two methods of application analysis: static and dynamic. The former includes disassembly, decompilation, and app-manifest analysis. The latter assumes the application is launched in a special environment that permits its behavior to be analyzed under “real conditions,” so to speak. In practice, both methods are usually used in parallel. But as we have already reviewed static analysis (“Anatomy with Preparation”, No. 170), in this article, we are going to concentrate on dynamic analysis.
